At the time, Jefferson himself was disconsolate that the Congress had seen fit to make any changes in his language. But they made no changes whatsoever in this passage, which over succeeding generations became the lyrical sanction for every liberal movement in American history. On July 3–4 the Congress debated and edited Jefferson’s draft, deleting and revising fully one-fifth of the text. We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness that to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. It does not, however, describe the following 55 words, which are generally regarded as the seminal statement of American political culture: This accurately describes the longest section of the Declaration of Independence, which lists the grievances against George III. He later claimed that he was not striving for “originality of principle or sentiment,” only seeking to provide “an expression of the American mind” that is, putting into words those ideas already accepted by a majority of Americans. Adams asked him to prepare the first draft, which he did within a few days. In that capacity, on June 11, 1776, he was appointed to a five-person committee, which also included Adams and Benjamin Franklin, to draft a formal statement of the reasons why a break with Great Britain was justified. His chief role was as a draftsman of resolutions. John Adams, a leader in those debates, remembered that Jefferson was silent even in committee meetings, though consistently staunch in his support for independence. Jefferson’s inveterate shyness prevented him from playing a significant role in the debates within the Congress. Learn how the Declaration of Independence was drafted, reviewed by Congress, and adopted See all videos for this article
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